One of the most known out of the 82 recorded caves of Samos is that of Panagia Sarantaskaliotissa west of Marathokampos, 320 meters above the sea surface. Its name is due to the 40 steps that lead to its entrance where the small church of Panagia is built. Close by there is the famous Pythagoras Cave, offering an impressive view to the sea, where according to tradition Pythagoras fled persecuted by the tyrant of Samos Polykratis. The same dirt road that leads to these two caves also leads to the Siderenia Porta Cave which is not far, one of the most impressive caves of the island. Inside there are many rooms richly decorated with stalagmitic columns, some of which are 5 meters tall.